Comparative study of activity of ribosomal cistrones in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester of Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the physiological process, which runs in woman’s body and starts with fertilization of secondary oocyte by sperm cell and end with childbirth . At this time the genetic apparatus is responsible for physiological and anatomical changes in the woman’s body. Due to the differentpathologyand physiological conditions, the level of structural-quantitative variations of chromosomes, the activation of the nuclear organizer regionsand the associative index is being changed. The actuality of the study is determined by the fact that the study ofthe aberration level and the intensity of synthetic processes by assessing the activity of ribosomal cistrones in the case of pregnancy was carried out in Georgia for the first time. The aim of the research was to determine the frequency of the chromosomal aberrations and the abundance of active nuclear organizeras well as frequency of acrocentric chromosomes in different trimesterin pregnant individuals. To achieve the mentioned aim, level of chromosomal mutations (aberrations, aneuploidy, polyploidy, fragile sites) were determined. Also, was conducted detection of the frequency of acrocentric chromosomal associations and evaluation of Ag+ NOR-regions. Lymphocyte cell culture of pregnant individuals of I, II, III trimesters was used as a research material. According to results of analysis, the level of aberrations in any trimester was not increased. For the first trimester, level of cells with fragile sites and number of fragile sites in per cell were increased.The intensity of synthetic processes is increased for all the trimesters of pregnancy, what is supported by the amount of Ag- positive cells as well as by frequency of Ag positive chromatids in per cell. The given indicator was reinforced with the increasing number of 1 ball Ag positive chromatids.